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United States v. State of Colorado

No. 1:25-cv-01391 District · Decided
Court
Federal Court
cod
Judge
Gordon P. Gallagher 46
Decided
Mar 31, 2026
Filed
May 2, 2025
Judge (CL)
Gordon P. Gallagher 46
Filed (CL)
May 2, 2025
CL Status
terminated
Executive order authority Federal preemption of state law anticommandeering doctrine

Legal Issues

Executive order authorityFederal preemption of state lawanticommandeering doctrine
The Law · How the Case Works

Overview

Overview

The Trump administration sued the state of Colorado and the city of Denver over its sanctuary city laws.

The Issue

Issue

Whether Colorado and Denver's sanctuary city laws violate the Supremacy Clause by conflicting with federal immigration enforcement authority.

The Rules

Rule

Under the Supremacy Clause, federal law preempts state law when Congress intends to occupy the entire regulatory field, when there is direct conflict, or when state law stands as an obstacle to federal purposes.

The Application

Analysis

The Trump administration argues that sanctuary policies limiting state and local cooperation with federal immigration enforcement directly conflict with and obstruct the federal government's exclusive immigration enforcement objectives.

The Conclusion

Conclusion

The federal court resolved the constitutional preemption challenge to the sanctuary city policies, determining the limits of state authority in federal immigration enforcement matters.

Court -
FiledMay 2, 2025
Judge Gordon P. Gallagher 46
CL Statusterminated
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Docket

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Outcome History (5)

  1. Oct 2, 2025 District
    Stay granted Neutral

    Unopposed motion to stay action in light of a lapse in appropriations is granted.

  2. Jan 7, 2026 District
    Stay granted Neutral

    Motion to stay discovery and vacate scheduling conference is granted.

  3. Mar 31, 2026 District
    Dismissed Relief denied Final

    Final Judgment in favor of defendants, case dismissed for failure to state a claim.

  4. Mar 31, 2026 District
    Preliminary injunction denied Relief denied

    Order granting motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim.

  5. Apr 22, 2026 District
    Stay granted Neutral

    Stay granted on the response to motion for attorney fees.

Federal Court TMR-08f607af Challenge to State Law Jul 26, 2026
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